Historic ruling in Israel: end of military exemption for ultra-Orthodox

At the end of June, the Supreme Court of Israel issued a historic ruling that has caused a political and religious earthquake in the country. Unanimously, it was determined that ultra-Orthodox men can no longer be exempt from mandatory military service, putting an end to over 75 years of this practice that benefited this important religious group. The obligation to enlist and the cutting of subsidies to Talmudic schools that do not comply with this measure has sparked intense debate in Israeli society. Defense Minister Yoav Gallant announced that starting next month, the recruitment of the Haredim, the ultra-Orthodox Jews, will be ordered, which has sparked mixed reactions in the population. While some support the equality of civic obligations for all citizens, there are also sectors that defend the tradition of dedicating themselves exclusively to religious study. This special exemption for the Haredim dates back to the founding of the State of Israel in 1948 when it was agreed that those dedicated to Torah study would be exempt from military service, with the backing and support of the government. However, with the increase in this population and social pressure for equality of duties, the Supreme Court has decided to end this exception. Currently, it is estimated that there are around 63,000 military-age Haredi youth in Israel, but the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) face logistical and cultural challenges in incorporating this group into their ranks. Life in the IDF is mostly secular, posing difficulties for ultra-Orthodox individuals dedicated solely to religious life. On the other hand, Yeshivas, the Talmudic schools where these youth are educated, could face a crisis if the government decides to cut their subsidies. Netanyahu has tried to mitigate the impact of this measure by proposing to lower the age at which one can opt for religious study instead of military service. This situation has generated tensions within the government coalition led by Netanyahu, who returned to power thanks to alliances with ultra-Orthodox parties. Israeli society's pressure for more soldiers and the need for reforms in the judicial system have placed the government in a political and social dilemma. The possibility of Netanyahu being forced to testify in his corruption trial starting in December also adds an element of instability to the political situation in Israel. The struggle between the Supreme Court and the government, as well as tensions with the ultra-Orthodox sectors, pose significant challenges to the country's stability and the future of the armed forces. Amidst this complex scenario, the debate on the equality of civic obligations and the role of religion in Israeli society continues to be a central issue challenging the Netanyahu government and society as a whole. The resolution of this issue will not only determine the course of the armed forces and internal politics of Israel but will also define the balance between politics and religion in a country deeply marked by both spheres in its history and identity.