Mineral exports in Peru reach US$ 31.9 billion in 12 months.

In a context of growing relevance for the Peruvian economy, exports of minerals such as copper, gold, and zinc have consolidated as fundamental pillars in the country's foreign trade. According to a recent report from the Institute for Research and Development of Foreign Trade of the Lima Chamber of Commerce (Idexcam), exports of these three metals have reached an impressive total of US$ 31,918 million in the last 12 months, equivalent to a volume of 12,273,669 tons. This performance highlights Peru's prominent position in the global mineral market. The data reveals that these three metals represent an astounding 85% of the country's total mining exports. Óscar Quiñones, head of Idexcam, emphasized that these products are not only vital for the local economy but have also managed to penetrate 32 international markets, showcasing the diversification and reach of Peruvian trade abroad. This success is no mere coincidence; it is the result of a combination of factors such as the quality of resources, sustained market demand, and price stability in international trade. Specifically, copper concentrate exports have soared to US$ 19,976 million during the analyzed period, with an exported volume of 9,783,546 tons. This metal has found its main destination in China, representing 77% of its total value, which amounts to US$ 15,502 million. Japan and South Korea also stand out as important buyers, together accounting for 88% of total exports. This strong concentration in a few markets illustrates both Peru's dependence on Asian economies and the need to further diversify its trade destinations. On the other hand, zinc export figures, which reached US$ 1,632 million, also reveal a market with notable interest from countries such as China, South Korea, and Spain. In particular, China has led zinc exports with a monthly volume averaging 105,698 tons at a value of US$ 717 million. This not only indicates stability in demand but also presents an opportunity for Peru to strengthen its trade ties with nations that require this resource. Gold, another flagship metal of Peruvian exports, has reported equally impressive figures, with a total of US$ 10,310 million exported, translating to 446,817 kilograms. India has curiously become the main market for Peruvian gold, with exports valued at US$ 2,877 million. The uniqueness of this market lies in the fact that almost 50% of the volume of gold sent to India has a purity level ranging between 90% and 100% per ingot, which increases its value and explains its prominence in the ranking of destinations. Gold export prices have reached significant levels, with the highest price recorded over the past year reaching US$ 59,021 per kilogram. This figure contrasts sharply with the average prices observed in other countries. Canada ranks second in accumulated value, with US$ 2,757 million, while Switzerland completes the top three with a total of US$ 2,067 million. These dynamics not only reflect the potential of the Peruvian mining sector but also raise questions about the sustainability of this development model. To what extent is Peru prepared to face the environmental and social challenges posed by intensive mining exploitation? The need for a balance between economic advancement and environmental protection is a topic that must be addressed. Furthermore, concerns about dependence on specific markets and the volatility of international prices underscore the urgency of diversifying both the exported products and trade destinations. The country's economic stability could be threatened if demand for these minerals fluctuates drastically in the coming years. Finally, the landscape of Peruvian mineral exports, particularly copper, gold, and zinc, stands out not only for its compelling figures but also for the lessons that arise from its analysis. The challenge lies in how Peru can continue to responsibly leverage its natural resources while seeking to open new trade frontiers that ensure a prosperous and sustainable future. The road ahead is complex, but the opportunities are undeniable.