Dangerous migration routes: legal options for a future in the U.S.

As thousands of people seek a better future in the United States, the journey to the North American country often faces imminent dangers. The border with Mexico has become one of the most dangerous migration routes in the world. In 2022, at least 686 people died or went missing while trying to cross it, according to the International Organization for Migration. This data underscores the urgency of finding safer and legal migration pathways. Carla Reyna, an immigration attorney and CEO of Reyna Inmigrations, points out that although many opt for illegal methods, the most advisable route is to obtain legal immigration status that allows one to live, work, or study in the United States. The complexity of the U.S. immigration system can be overwhelming, but there are several options that can be considered by those wishing to emigrate. One of the most well-known pathways to obtaining legal status is the Green Card or permanent residency. This document allows foreigners to reside permanently in the country, as well as work and study legally. Eligibility for this visa includes unmarried children under 21 years old, parents, and spouses of U.S. citizens. However, those seeking to obtain a Green Card through siblings or children over 21 years old will face longer and more complicated processes. For those seeking a Green Card through employment, a petition must be filed by an employer. This process involves a labor certification that demonstrates there are no qualified U.S. workers for the position being offered to the foreign worker. The employer's role is crucial, as they must act as a financial sponsor, ensuring that the worker will have sufficient income to support themselves without resorting to government assistance. Another important option is the K1 Visa, intended for foreign citizens planning to marry U.S. citizens. This type of visa allows fiancés to enter the United States on the condition that the marriage takes place within 90 days of arrival. Once married, applicants can initiate the process to obtain permanent residency. The diversity visa program, commonly known as the "visa lottery," is an option that allows citizens from countries with low representation of immigrants in the U.S. to apply for a Green Card. This program randomly selects applicants, making it a unique opportunity for many. The next registration period for the 2026 edition will open from October 5 to November 9 of this year, allowing citizens from countries such as Argentina, Chile, and Peru to participate. However, there are countries that cannot apply for the lottery, such as Mexico and Venezuela, which poses a challenge for those seeking opportunities in the United States. The EB-5 Visa is another alternative, granting permanent residency to those who invest between $900,000 and $1.8 million in the United States, provided that such investment generates jobs for U.S. citizens. This visa aims to stimulate the economy through foreign investment. In addition to these options, asylum has become a relevant pathway for many migrants, especially in recent years. To qualify, applicants must be physically present in the U.S. and demonstrate that they have suffered persecution or fear being persecuted due to race, religion, nationality, political opinions, or membership in a particular social group. This process can be complicated, and it is advisable to have a specialized attorney assist applicants in presenting their case. The increase in asylum applications has highlighted the need for proper legal counsel. A good attorney not only helps prepare the application but also assists in gathering the necessary evidence to present a strong case before the immigration judge. In summary, while illegal migration may seem like a desperate option, there are legal pathways that allow foreigners to seek a better future in the United States safely and in an organized manner. It is essential for those considering emigration to inform themselves and consult with experts to evaluate the best option based on their personal situation. Migration is a complex process, but with the right guidance, it can lead to new opportunities and a more promising future.