Congress approves controversial repeal against illegal mining

In a surprisingly quick process, the Congress of the Republic has made a decision that has generated controversy in various sectors of society. It involves the approval of a project that repeals a provision of Legislative Decree (D.Leg.) 1607, which aimed to combat illegal mining in the country. The repealed provision allowed the National Police of Peru (PNP) to intervene with miners registered in the Comprehensive Mining Formalization Registry (Reinfo) who were using explosives without the proper authorization, a common practice in illegal mining operated by organized crime groups. Additionally, a 90-day deadline was established for registered miners, especially those suspended in the Reinfo, to regularize their situation by submitting the required documentation. The Congress's decision has been criticized by the National Society of Mining, Petroleum, and Energy (SNMPE), as well as other business associations, who believe that this measure represents a setback in the fight against illegal mining, currently classified as the main criminal economy in Peru, surpassing even drug trafficking. The repeal has raised concerns in various areas, as it limits the ability of law enforcement to control the trafficking of explosives used in illegal mining, an activity that not only affects the country's economy but also has implications for national security. On the other hand, there is concern that the repeal may open the door for new illegal miners to enter the legal process, thereby complicating the Prosecutor's Office's work to sanction those operating illegally in the mining sector. Faced with this situation, various proposals have emerged as alternatives to more effectively combat illegal mining. It is suggested that the National Superintendence of Control of Security Services, Firearms, Ammunition, and Civil Use Explosives (Sucamec) strengthen its control mechanisms over the issuance of licenses for the use of explosives, ensuring that these are granted only to formal companies and that the traceability of extracted minerals is guaranteed. Likewise, the importance of implementing measures that allow for greater supervision of mining activities, such as more rigorous monitoring of mineral transportation and stricter control over processing plants, is emphasized. Amidst this debate, the Ministry of Energy and Mines (Minem) has expressed its respect for the Congress's decision and has stated that it will continue to work in compliance with current regulations. Additionally, it has been reported that a new bill is being drafted for small-scale mining and artisanal mining, with the aim of promoting their formalization and combating illegal mining. In conclusion, the fight against illegal mining in the country remains an important challenge that requires concerted and effective actions by the State, companies, and society as a whole. The repeal of the provision of D.Leg. 1607 poses new challenges but also offers the opportunity to rethink more effective strategies to eradicate this illegal activity that causes so much harm to the country.